Solving Problems in Arabic, Russian and Portuguese Translation
Translation, which can be defined as conversion from one to another, as shift in medium, is most commonly used to signify the interpreting from one language into another. We have to underline the role of the characteristics of a good translation in the literary sense and of the influence of one literature on another throughout centuries. There is no doubt that texts have not always been translated out of artistic motives only. It can be assumed that the original purpose of translation was to convey ideas and new facts to people who were badly informed and concerned themselves with the message rather than with the artistic value of the text.
But such translations are of low artistic value. The translator must go beyond transference of the exact meaning of the words the original document consists of. He must try to convey the spirit of the text, its overall meaning, so that the final product has the same artistic value as the original text. For example, if Martin Luther has dwelled on conveying the literal meaning of the words in his English to Russian Translation of the Bible, he would probably not manage to express the overall meaning and the spirit of the text.Or, we can also consider translations from Russian into English. A Arabic Translation Services typically remains faithful to the Russian system of nomenclature. For example, in English translations of the novel, “Anna Karenina,” the Russian habit of addressing people by their first name and a patronymic is usually carried over into the English. So, if he name of the character is Vladimir and his father’s name is Peter, he will be called Peter Petrovich. This is quite normal to Russians but exotic and somewhat confusing to Anglophones. So, the new tendency in Portuguese Translation Services is to avoid the partonimic, because it does not add any artistic value to the text.
Every medium carries its own difficulty of translation.. Practically impossible in poetry, it becomes easier and less arbitrary as the subject matter becomes more scientific or factual. That is, as long as the translator understands the subject matter. A legal translation is in some aspects much easier than a literary one. There is no need to mention, that this will require training and experience in the legal sphere. The translator must be familiar with legal terminology and the differences in the legal systems of the various countries. However, a legal translator does not need to finesse the language like a literary translator does. The communication of the exact literal meaning is more important in legal translation than the artistic value of the text and the enjoyment of the audience. A good legal translator can, of course, be a good fiction translator, too, and vice versa; however, each kind of translation requires a very specific set of skills.
We can find numerous translations of the Bible from Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek. What was dominant in Christianity in the Middle Ages was the Latin Vulgate. Since then, the Bible has been translated into many more languages. English Bible translations in particular have a rich and varied history of more than a millennium.